About the White, Black and Yellow Fungus

Even as India is reeling under the catastrophic impact of the coronavirus epidemic, it is facing yet another health debacle with the emerging cases of the fatal black fungus. This fungus causes an infectious disease called Mucormycosis resulting in the blackening of body issues. Along with this, infections from two other new fungi variants called white fungus and yellow fungus are also being reported. Interestingly, it is seen that these diseases are more prevalent in COVID-19 patients.

Since fungal infections are opportunistic and largely occur in people with compromised immune systems, the vulnerable old generation is more susceptible. Hence, senior care assumes paramount significance now. Athulya Assisted Living, an affordable luxurious assisted living facility in Chennai, is leaving no stone unturned in safeguarding its elderly residents. Apart from healthy diets, fitness programs, medication management and daily activity assistance, it offers skilled nursing care to elderly patients. Stringent protocols including all COVID-19 safety measures are followed here to prevent all kinds of common infections in seniors.

Currently, there are nearly 9000 cases of black fungus alone in our country and a few thousands of people have already died from it. Sadly, many patients have contracted the black, white and yellow fungi simultaneously.

Let us now explore more details of these new dangerous fungi and look at the preventive steps to avoid the outbreak.

Common Causes of Black, Yellow and White Fungal Infections

• Extensive stay in the Intensive Care Unit(ICU) of hospitals
• Poor diabetes management leading to uncontrolled blood sugar
• Prolonged use of Industrial oxygen cylinders due to respiratory problems
• Patients inflicted with diabetic nephropathy, chronic kidney disease and HIV/AIDS
• Side-effects of chemotherapy and anticancer drugs
• Prolonged usage and heavy dosage of steroids
• Being on Immunosuppressive treatments

More Insights

• Black Fungus is predominantly caused by the fungus named Mucor which invades the blood vessels. That causes an impaired blood supply to the normal tissues which therefore get damaged, blackened and subsequently die. The initial symptoms of Mucormycosis include altered sensation in the cheek region due to invasion of the fungus on the nerves. As the disease progresses, there may be nasal block with blood-stained and foul-smelling discharge, inflammation of the eye, blurring and loss of vision. The infection may spread further to the mouth palate, brain and other organs like kidneys and ureters through the blood circulation. Treatment under the supervision of a doctor involves usage of saline nasal drops, administration of anti-fungal drugs and surgery in severe cases.
• White Fungus is called Candida and it belongs to the yeast family. It commonly appears as white spots in the mouth and oral cavity initially. Thereafter, it is likely to spread to the throat and the esophagus. It may even attack the eyes and heart subsequently. Symptoms normally include difficulty in eating and swallowing food, headache and nausea. This fungus is more lethal as it damages the vital organs and can damage the brain, digestive system, respiratory organs, kidneys and genitals. Treatment involves antifungal agents that are given orally or intravenously.
• Yellow fungus, also termed as Mucor Septic, develops due to the presence of molds and in areas where the humidity is low (30-40%). Initial symptoms of this fungal disease include fatigue, rashes and burning sensation on the skin. Reduced appetite and weight loss may also be present. In advanced stages, there is a pus discharge, organ failure, slow wound healing and premature death of cells (necrosis). It is usually treated with an antifungal injection called Amphotericin B.

Prevention

Diligently follow precautions for preventing coronavirus spread including hand hygiene, vaccination, mask usage and social distancing.

• Boost the immunity levels through balanced healthy diets, regular exercise, health supplements and avoid stress.
• Keep the surroundings hygienic and well humidified.
• Do not consume stale food.
• Remain well-hydrated by drinking sufficient water for maintaining healthy kidneys and preventing infections through detoxification.
• Though minor irritants and signs like dry eyes in old age are common, do not neglect them. Consult the doctor immediately.
• Ensure proper oral hygiene to avoid oral thrush through frequent brushing, mouthwash usage and regular dental check-ups.
• Avoid contact with dead and decaying matter.
• Strictly monitor chronic ailments like diabetes.
• Seek proper treatment for COVID-19 and take thorough care even after recovery.

True, black, white and yellow fungi are certainly a cause of huge concern and panic today! Yet, proper care and timely medication intervention can hopefully beat this epidemic soon, Won’t it?